European auto

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Possible Answers: SAAB, OPEL, YUGO, LADA.

Last seen on: –LA Times Crossword 31 Jan 21, Sunday

Random information on the term “SAAB”:

Saab Group (originally Svenska Aeroplan AB, later SAAB and Saab AB;  listen (help·info)) is a Swedish aerospace and defence company, founded in 1937. From 1947 to 1990 it was the parent company of automobile manufacturer Saab Automobile. Between 1968 and 1995 the company was in a merger with commercial vehicle manufacturer Scania-Vabis, known as Saab-Scania. The two were de-merged in 1995 by the new owners, Investor AB. Despite the demerger, both Saab and Scania share the right to use the griffin logo, which originates from the coat of arms of the Swedish region of Scania.

“Svenska Aeroplan AB (aktiebolag)” (Swedish for “Swedish Aeroplane Company Limited”) (SAAB) was founded in 1937 in Trollhättan, with the merger of Svenska Aero AB (SAAB) and Linköping based VASJA the headquarters moved to Linköping. The style “Saab” replaced “SAAB” around 1950.

Originally manufacturing aircraft, the company sought ways in which to diversify its business. In the late 1940s the company began manufacturing cars at its Saab Automobile division, based in Trollhättan. The first car was the Saab 92; full-scale production started December 12, 1949, based on the prototype Ursaab.

SAAB on Wikipedia

Random information on the term “YUGO”:

The Fiat 128 is a tranverse front-engine, front wheel drive small family car manufactured and marketed by Fiat from 1969 to 1985 in body styles including two- and four-door sedan, three- and five-door station wagon as well as two- and three-door coupé. The 128 running gear and engine, reconfigured for a mid-engined layout, were used in the Fiat X1/9 sports car.

Named European Car of the Year in 1970, over three million were manufactured.

The 128 was noted for its innovative front-engine, front-drive layout, which enabled an especially large interior volume and ultimately became the predominant front engine/drive layout, worldwide. In 2012, noted automotive journalist Jamie Kitman called the 128 a “pioneer of the small cars we drive today.”

With engineering by Dante Giacosa and engine design by Aurelio Lampredi, the 128 was noted for its relatively roomy passenger and cargo volume — enabled by a breakthrough innovation to the front-engine, front-drive layout which became the layout “adopted by virtually every other manufacturer in the world” for front-wheel drive. Fiat promoted in its advertising that mechanical features consumed only 20% of the vehicle’s volume and that Enzo Ferrari drove a 128 as his personal vehicle.”

YUGO on Wikipedia

Random information on the term “LADA”:

The LADA 4×4, formerly called the Lada Niva (Russian: Лада Нива; Niva (нива) is the Russian word for “crop field”), is an off-road vehicle designed and produced by the Russian (former Soviet) manufacturer AvtoVAZ. It was also marketed as the Lada Sport in Iceland, Lada Taiga in Austria, Bognor Diva in Uruguay, the Lada Cossack in the United Kingdom, and is offered since 2009 on most markets as the LADA 4×4.

It was the first mass production off-road vehicle to feature a unibody architecture, independent front suspension with coil springs, and is a predecessor to current crossover SUVs which nearly all follow this format; it inspired the Suzuki Vitara. Like the Vitara, the Lada 4×4 uses a recirculating ball truck steering box for off-road reliability. Pickup and emergency van versions are produced by VAZInterService.

The Niva (VAZ-2121) was described by its designers as a “Renault 5 put on a Land Rover chassis.” Development began in 1971, when a team of VAZ designers under Vladimir Solovyev began work on a “civilized” four-wheel drive vehicle. It was inspired in part by the IZh-14 prototype of 1974. It was VAZ’s first non-Fiat based model. Much of its mechanicals are carried over from the earlier Fiat 124-based Lada models, though the body, four-wheel drive system, and front suspension were designed by VAZ. The first prototypes appeared in 1971 and 1972, but were rejected as too utilitarian, so doors and hardtop were added; this version debuted in 1973. This took inspiration from the VAZ-1101, and was created by designer Valery Pavlovitch. The engine was changed to a 1,568 cc (95.7 cu in) from the VAZ-2106, with permanent four-wheel drive and locking differentials. On trials during 1973 and 1974, it showed it could climb a 58° slope or ford 60 cm (24 in) of water or 100 cm (39 in) of snow. It was approved for production in 1977 as the Niva (Field).

LADA on Wikipedia